Whitepaper- Toruschain

TORUS
Blockchain Whitepaper

Disclaimer:
This document is a technical white paper that outlines the present state and plans of
the TORUS platform and ecosystem supported by the TORUS CHAIN Verein. The sole
purpose of this document is informational, aimed at providing an overview and not an
exact roadmap of plans. Unless explicitly stated, the innovations and products
described in this document are under active development and have not yet been fully
incorporated into the platform.
TORUS does not provide any guarantees or declarations regarding the successful
development or implementation of the technologies, innovations, or activities
described in this document. TORUS, within the bounds of what is legally permissible,
disclaims all implied warranties regarding the quality assurance of technologies or
methods outlined herein. No party should trust or make inferences based solely on
the content of this document or the technological interactions described within.
TORUS assumes no legal liability for losses or damages resulting from errors,
negligence, or other actions by individuals or groups related to this document,
regardless of any potential faults, defaults, or negligence. Information included in this
document has been referenced from sources deemed reliable by TORUS. However,
TORUS makes no assurance, confirmation, or guarantee about the accuracy,
completeness, or suitability of such information. No rights can be derived from this
information by you, your employees, creditors, mortgagees, other shareholders, or
any other person.
The views presented in this document represent the current assessment of the author
and may not necessarily align with the views of TORUS. Such views may change
without notice and do not necessarily reflect the views of TORUS. TORUS is under no
obligation to amend, revise, or update this document, nor notify subscribers or
recipients of changes in views, forecasts, predictions, assumptions, or errors that may
occur in the future.
TORUS, its officers, employees, contractors, and representatives disclaim any
responsibility or liability to any person or recipient (whether due to negligence,
negligent misstatement, or otherwise) arising from any statement, opinion, or
information expressed or implied within this document. Neither TORUS nor its
advisors have independently verified any of the forecasts, prospects, and projections
contained within this document.
Each recipient should solely rely on their own knowledge, investigation, judgment, and
assessment of the matters outlined in this report. While every effort has been made to
ensure the accuracy of facts and the reasonability of projections, forecasts, prospects,
and subjective judgments at the time of writing, this document must not be construed
as a guarantee that the matters referred to will transpire.

Plans, projections, and forecasts mentioned in this document may not be achieved
due to various risk factors, including technological development limitations,
enforcement of legal regulations, market volatility, corporate actions, or the
unavailability of complete and accurate information.
TORUS may provide hyperlinks to websites of entities mentioned in this paper, but the
inclusion of a link does not imply endorsement, recommendation, or approval of any
material on the linked page. Such linked websites are accessed entirely at your own
risk. TORUS assumes no responsibility for any such material or its consequences.
This document is not intended for distribution or use by any person or entity residing
or located in a jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability, or use
would be contrary to law or regulation.
This document is exclusively available on TORUS CHAIN & its subdomains, and may
not be redistributed, reproduced, or passed on to any other person or published, in
part or in whole, for any purpose, without the prior, written consent of TORUS. The
manner of distributing this document may be restricted by law or regulation in certain
countries. Persons into whose possession this document may come are required to
inform themselves about, and to observe such restrictions. By accessing this
document, a recipient hereof agrees to be bound by the foregoing limitations.
This paper is not a prospectus, product disclosure statement, or other regulated offer
document. It has not been endorsed by, or registered with, any governmental
authority or regulator. The distribution and use of this paper, including any related
advertisement or marketing material, and the eventual sale of tokens, may be
restricted by law in certain jurisdictions, and potential purchasers of tokens must
inform themselves about those laws and observe any such restrictions. If you come
into possession of this paper, you should seek advice on and observe any such
restrictions relevant to your jurisdiction. Restrictions are subject to rapid change. If
you fail to comply with such restrictions, that failure may constitute a violation of
applicable law. By accessing this paper, you agree to be bound by this requirement.
© 2024 TORUS CHAIN Verein. All Rights Reserved.

Abstract
TORUS is a blockchain developed to meet the specific challenges of the digital media
industry. Leveraging the Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance (aBFT) model and
Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), TORUS provides exceptional scalability, speed, and
unique monetisation opportunities. It seeks to redefine the digital media landscape by
seamlessly integrating into existing platforms and addressing the scalability issues
that burden centralised media networks. By fostering a more efficient, decentralised
solution, TORUS stands to propel the digital media industry into a new era of
blockchain-driven transformation.
Introduction
In the digital era, blockchain technology continues to grapple with challenges in real-
time transaction settlements and scalability. Despite the ground-breaking innovations
from Bitcoin and Ethereum, the sequential processing of transactions results in
delayed confirmations, thus limiting broad adoption.
While smart contract platforms such as Substrate and CosmWasm are emerging, the
application of public distributed ledgers across industries remains sporadic. The
TORUS network has been developed to counter these challenges, leveraging the EVM
principles to provide an advanced smart contract solution.
TORUS is aimed at addressing the scalability issues that are characteristic of existing
public distributed ledger technologies. Eschewing the traditional block ledger-based
storage infrastructure, TORUS works to enhance existing DAG-based protocols,
thereby offering a more robust solution.
Visualisation of Direct Acyclic Graph
TORUS's protocol, which is built on an Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance (aBFT)
model, ensures network consensus. This feature enables applications on the TORUS
blockchain to have their transactions finalised in less than one second.

Beyond merely ensuring compatibility among global transactions, TORUS is designed
to foster an ecosystem that enables real-time transactions and data sharing at a
minimal cost, specifically tailored to the needs of the digital media industry.
With its capabilities in scalability, speed, and low transaction fees, TORUS presents a
decentralised solution to the scalability issues that afflict centralised media networks.
Byzantine Fault Tolerance Visualised
Overview
TORUS is a high-performance, media-centric blockchain platform inspired by the
innovative technology of the Fantom network. Built for speed, scalability, and
reduced transaction costs, TORUS is perfectly suited for the fast-paced, high-volume
digital media industry. It supports a high volume of transactions, and it supports a
high volume of transactions suitable for the media industry needs that facilitate
content creation, distribution, and monetisation in ways not possible on traditional
platforms.
Mission
TORUS is dedicated to addressing and overcoming the existing scalability and speed
limitations in blockchain technology, particularly in the digital media industry, and is
also suitable for businesses and governments. In strategic alliance with Asia's premier
digital media company, we strive to provide a transformative, decentralised solution
that revolutionises how digital content is generated, distributed, and monetised.

Vision
Our vision is to stimulate widespread adoption of blockchain technology across
various sectors, thereby enabling a more decentralised, transparent, and effective
digital future. TORUS envisions a future where blockchain technology seamlessly
integrates into the fabric of the digital media industry, propelling real-time
transactions and efficient data.
sharing, and fair monetisation. Leveraging our access to New Media Holding’s
expansive network, with its reach of 1.9 billion followers, 4 million influencers, and 20
billion monthly impressions, we are poised to lead the transformation of the digital
media landscape with blockchain.
Industry Applications
TORUS is strategically positioned to further venture into various sectors, including
healthcare, NGOs, government, fintech, entertainment, consumer utilities, gaming,
and others. The architects behind TORUS are committed to creating a dynamic, smart
contract-based ecosystem designed to be integrated seamlessly with the operations
of present and future global partners.
Collaboration
Committed to facilitating smooth, accurate, and trustworthy global transactions,
TORUS stands ready to usher in a new chapter of distributed ledger technologies. As a
strong proponent of the open-source approach, TORUS encourages community
participation in the use, improvement, and enhancement of its ecosystem. To
stimulate the creation of decentralised applications (dApps), TORUS will provide
comprehensive developer documentation and libraries. Through this collaborative
framework, TORUS envisions a mutually beneficial environment where users and
developers work together to drive digital transformation across diverse sectors,
paving the way toward a genuinely decentralised era.

Torus Network Enhancement Framework
The Torus network is undergoing a protocol-level enhancement designed to
strengthen tokenomics, improve validator incentives, and support long-term
ecosystem sustainability. To ensure network integrity and economic fairness
throughout this process, a comprehensive state snapshot of all token balances
including validators, delegators, investors, holders, and ecosystem partners will be
conducted on the existing Torus network.
Following the snapshot, all legacy tokens will be permanently and cryptographically
burned. A corresponding and equivalent token supply will be retained within the
enhanced Torus network based strictly on the recorded snapshot. This mechanism
guarantees immutability of total supply, one-to-one balance preservation, and robust
protection against duplication or double-claim risks.
The Airdrop Program, described in the following section, establishes the operational
framework governing this process.
Token supply management under the enhanced framework adheres to strict
economic principles:
● Tokens may be burned in cases of excessive inflation.
● Tokens may be redistributed to support liquidity provisioning, community
initiatives, or ecosystem growth, and will never be allocated for profit-making
purposes.
● Ecosystem partners on the Torus Chain will independently snapshot user balances
and mint equivalent tokens on the enhanced network.
● An updated ABI will be provided to ensure seamless ODP integration and ongoing
application compatibility.
Block Rewards and Inflation
● The base inflation rate is set at 1 TQF per second, serving as a reward distributed
to validators.
● Validators receive a 12% commission as compensation for maintaining network
security and operations.
● Transaction fees are distributed as follows:
- 50% to validators and delegators (to incentivise participation).
- 25% burned (to help control inflation and maintain token value).
- 25% transferred to the treasury, managed by the association for community
development and reinvestment.

Challenges in Contemporary Blockchain Systems
The transformative potential of contemporary blockchain systems is built around the
promise of eliminating centralised authorities and intermediaries, enabling
permissionless transactions without the need for a trust-based system. This disruptive
shift lays the foundation for a more transparent, equitable, and decentralised digital
economy. However, this potential is currently shackled by significant challenges.
A major hurdle remains the scalability of these systems. As the size of the network
grows, so do the demands on processing power, storage, and bandwidth. This
scalability problem is further exacerbated by the fact that most blockchain systems
process transactions sequentially, resulting in slower confirmation times. This inability
to handle high volumes of transactions efficiently is a considerable roadblock for
industries that require high transaction throughput.
Additionally, high transaction costs associated with existing blockchain platforms act
as a deterrent to mass adoption. These costs, combined with the system's
performance limitations, contribute to a lack of widespread utilisation across various
sectors, particularly in industries such as digital media and gaming, which require a
high-speed, low-cost, and secure transaction framework.
Thus, while the foundational premise of blockchain is potent and promising, these
constraints hamper its wider application and acceptance. There is a pressing need for
an innovative solution that can tackle these inherent challenges and fulfil the promise
of blockchain technology. TORUS endeavours to be that solution, offering a fresh
approach designed to surmount these obstacles and unlock blockchain's full potential
in the digital age.
Scalability
Blockchain technology promises permissionless, decentralized transactions, but
widespread adoption remains limited by scalability constraints. Traditional consensus
mechanisms such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) were not designed
to support high transaction volumes. PoW systems like Bitcoin are energy-intensive
and process roughly 7 transactions per second (TPS), while PoS networks such as
Ethereum, though more energy-efficient, typically handle only 15–45 TPS—far below
the requirements of large-scale applications.
In addition to throughput limitations, conventional blockchains suffer from latency,
requiring multiple confirmations before transactions are considered final. This results
in delays that are incompatible with real-time use cases in industries such as digital
media and financial services, where fast, low-cost transactions are essential.

These limitations highlight the need for a new architectural approach that improves
scalability and speed without compromising security. By leveraging Directed Acyclic
Graph (DAG) technology and an Asynchronous Byzantine Fault Tolerance (aBFT)
consensus model, TORUS adopts a next-generation solution designed to deliver high
throughput, low latency, and secure transaction finality—unlocking the full potential
of blockchain in the digital age.
“ TORUS Blockchain Evolution of DAG to DAG and then to DAG’’

Transaction Fees: A Critical Consideration in Blockchain Networks
Blockchain technology is synonymous with democratizing transactions and enabling
peer-to-peer interactions without reliance on a central authority. However, the
transaction fees, a crucial aspect of conventional blockchain systems, often create
barriers and limit the scope of their application.
Transaction fees are indispensable for two primary reasons: they incentivise miners or
validators to ensure network security, and they act as a safeguard against potential
network spamming. In both Proof of Work and Proof of Stake systems, miners or
validators receive these fees as compensation for validating transactions and
maintaining the network's robustness. Moreover, by assigning a cost to transactions,
potential network spamming by malicious actors can be deterred, ensuring network
stability.
However, these very fees often become a hindrance due to their unpredictability and
size, especially during periods of high network activity. Transaction fees in networks
like Bitcoin and Ethereum can escalate dramatically, making it unviable for users to
conduct small-value transactions or engage with smart contracts.
This issue is particularly pertinent in industries where microtransactions are
commonplace, such as the digital media industry. High fees can restrict the
broad-based application and adoption of blockchain, and the often-opaque fee
structure, influenced by factors like transaction complexity, network congestion, and
mining capacity, can introduce uncertainty for users.
High and unpredictable fees not only limit user participation, especially for those who
cannot afford high costs, but also deter developers from creating applications that
require high-frequency transactions. This situation highlights the need for a
blockchain solution that addresses not only scalability and speed but also ensures a
low and predictable fee structure.

Transaction History and Data Integrity in TORUS
In the case of TORUS, the management of historical information alongside
transactions inside blocks plays a crucial role in ensuring the robustness and reliability
of the blockchain. Just like in any blockchain system, each block in the TORUS
blockchain contains a collection of transactions, forming a chronological chain that
serves as an immutable record of transaction history.
The inclusion of historical information within blocks is fundamental to the functioning
of TORUS. It enables the verification and validation of transactions, facilitates auditing
and traceability of the transaction history, and upholds the principles of transparency
and immutability that blockchain technology aims to achieve.
TORUS diligently maintains this historical information within each block, securely
storing and preserving the complete record of transactions. By doing so, TORUS
guarantees the integrity and accountability of the blockchain network, allowing
participants to easily access and verify the transaction history.
This meticulous management of historical information within blocks not only
enhances the consensus and trustworthiness of the TORUS blockchain but also
enables seamless auditing, validation, and verification of past transactions. It fosters a
transparent and immutable environment, reinforcing the core principles of TORUS and
its commitment to revolutionising the digital media industry.
Revolutionising Scalability and Transparency through DAG-Based Consensus in TORUS
TORUS is committed to revolutionising the blockchain landscape. With a distinctive
approach, TORUS aims to harness the potential of DAG-based consensus to overcome
existing challenges and establish a groundbreaking platform that redefines scalability
and versatility.
TORUS envisions unlocking the power of potentially infinite scalability, empowering
the network to process hundreds of thousands of transactions per second, even
amidst a multitude of participating nodes. At the heart of TORUS lies the adoption of
the Lachesis Protocol, a DAG-based solution meticulously tailored to address the
scalability limitations encountered by conventional blockchains.

The implementation of the Lachesis Protocol within the TORUS ecosystem introduces
a novel paradigm. Transactions are verified and processed asynchronously,
eliminating the need for conventional validator approvals that can lead to delays and
bottlenecks. By adopting a method where each event block independently verifies the
preceding transaction, TORUS ensures uninterrupted transactional flow, even under
heightened loads. Remarkably, TORUS takes autonomous control of historical
information management. Event blocks within TORUS house a rich tapestry of data
packages, encompassing transactions, Smart Contracts, historical records, reputation
management, and rewarding mechanisms.
Through its pursuit of fast and secure processing methodologies rooted in DAG
technology, TORUS envisions a future where the processing infrastructure across
diverse industries becomes transparent and reliable. With the Lachesis Protocol as its
guiding force, TORUS aims to expand its influence across sectors, collaborating
seamlessly with Smart Contracts to empower domains including healthcare, NGOs,
government, fintech, entertainment, consumer services, utilities, and gaming.
Technical Overview
Introduction
Through extensive research and analysis of blockchain technology, it becomes evident
that Fantom serves as a valuable reference for the development of TORUS. The
insights gained from their innovative approach provide crucial guidance for
addressing similar scalability challenges in the context of TORUS, with a particular
focus on catering to the specific needs of the digital media industry.
TORUS has demonstrated its potential to significantly enhance and
transaction processing on a large scale.
TORUS ensures compatibility with the broader EVM Networks while enabling the
compilation of smart contract bytecode specifically designed for TORUS.

The Lachesis Consensus Algorithm
The TORUS Chain is designed to use parts of the Lachesis Consensus Algorithm (LCA),
which aims to increase both throughput and robustness by utilising Directed Acyclic
Graph (DAG) technology. The LCA is capable of handling up to 300,000 transactions per
second and provides Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) reliability. It uses a complex
structure called the "Lachesis DAG" to preserve irreversible data and ensure security
through high-end cryptographic practices. The algorithm operates asynchronously,
checking account nonces and transaction chain IDs to prevent replay attacks, and
coordinates transaction chronology with the Main Chain list.
TORUS Development Timeline
Achievements
Stage 1 (Q2, 2023):
● Research & Development: Kickstart an exhaustive R&D phase, laying the
groundwork for the TORUS Blockchain.
● Digital Presence: Roll out the official website.
● Blockchain Explorer: Embark on the development of a dedicated TORUS
Blockchain explorer.
● Technical Feasibility: Undertake studies to implement a zk-Rollups L2
consensus (a cryptographic method bolstering privacy and scalability) on
TORUS Blockchain.
● Torus Documentation Platform: Deploy a public documentation platform for
Torus users, validators, Delegators and Developers.
Stage 2 (Q3, 2023):
● TestNet Launch: Unveil the TORUS TestNet, providing a sandbox for
developers and early adopters.
● Feedback Integration: Incorporate community feedback, refining the TestNet.
● Testnet Block Explorer Launch: Officially introduce the Blockchain Explorer,
synchronised with the test net.

Stage 3 (Q4, 2023):
● Mainnet Launch: Officially launch the TORUS chain Mainnet.
● Mainnet Block Explorer Launch: Launch a new instance of the block explorer
synchronised with the TORUS Mainnet.
● Smart Contract Wizard: Implement a section in the Torus Documentation
Platform that allows the creation of a smart contract (such as an ERC20 token)
through a graphical user interface.
Stage 4 (Q1, 2024):
● Introduction of Validator Program: Release staking rewards study to Validator
Operators
● Development & Release of the Staking Dashboard: Allows both Validators
and Delegators to see their staking details.
● Development & Release of the Staking Calculator: Allows both Validators and
Delegators to calculate their expected rewards.
● Development of Vesting Platform: Allows the distribution of coins according
to an agreed schedule.
● Development of Gas Rebate Platform: Allows users to claim a portion of the
gas spent on specific types of transactions back to their wallet.
● Feedback-Driven Iteration: Continuously refine the TORUS chain based on
user feedback.
Stage 5 (Q2, 2024):
● Monitoring and Alerting Dashboard: Implement a monitoring dashboard
based on Grafana for collecting different metrics for running nodes.
● Development of Torus Arbitrary Message Bridge (AMB): Allows the Web3
community to send and receive arbitrary messages between Torus and other
EVM networks.
● Cross-Chain Token Derivatives: Built on top of Torus AMB, it allows foreign
tokens to have a presence on the Torus Network.
● Purchase TQF with cross-chain payments: Build on top of Torus AMB, which
allows the purchase of TQF on Torus Chain by making a payment in a stable
coin on a different EVM Chain.
● Security Enhancements: Bolster security protocols, ensuring airtight
protection for users

Stage 6 (Q3, 2024):
● Mainnet Performance Optimisation: Optimised TORUS Mainnet
configurations to improve throughput, reduce transaction confirmation times,
and enhance gas efficiency.
● External Token Partner Integrations: Initiated integrations with multiple
external token partners to expand the TORUS ecosystem and enable deeper
cross-chain interoperability.
● Partner Onboarding Framework: Established a structured onboarding process
to streamline technical collaboration, testing, and integration validation for
ecosystem partners.
● Smart Contract Library Upgrades: Upgraded core smart contract libraries to
support evolving token standards and implement gas optimisations.
● Extended Monitoring for Partners: Enhanced Grafana dashboards to capture
partner activity, system health, and performance metrics across integrations.
● Developer Enablement & Documentation: Launched developer-focused
initiatives, SDK references, and technical documentation to support third-party
development on TORUS.
Stage 7 (Q4, 2024):
● Mainnet Infrastructure Enhancements: Improved node synchronisation
speed, transaction propagation, and overall network resilience across TORUS
Mainnet.
● Multi-Token Transaction Support: Introduced support for multi-token
transactions, enabling seamless user interaction with multiple integrated
assets.
● Upgraded Cross-Chain Messaging (AMB): Enhanced the Torus Arbitrary
Message Bridge for faster, more reliable communication with external
EVM-compatible networks.
● Advanced Network Analytics & Logging: Implemented real-time analytics and
logging tools to provide deeper visibility into network performance and
transaction trends.
● Validator Tooling Improvements: Upgraded validator dashboards and tools to
support automated alerting, monitoring, and maintenance workflows.
● System Upgrade Simulations: Performed upgrade simulations to validate
network readiness for the Torus protocol enhancement.
● Ecosystem Compatibility Assurance: Worked with ecosystem partners to
ensure applications and integrations remained compatible with future protocol
upgrades.

Stage 8 (Q1, 2025):
● Protocol Enhancement Analysis: Completed an in-depth technical evaluation
of network upgrade requirements, covering state continuity, economic
alignment, and infrastructure compatibility.
● Migration Planning & Architecture Review: Initiated internal planning to
identify configuration dependencies and optimisation opportunities, including
parameters such as maxEpochGas and blockGasLimit.
● Incremental Security Reviews: Performed continuous security assessments to
validate network robustness following system enhancements.
● Performance & Compatibility Evaluation: Assessed potential performance
improvements and compatibility considerations under the enhanced protocol
architecture.
● Detailed Migration Blueprint: Developed a comprehensive migration plan
outlining milestones, validation steps, and rollback strategies.
● Community & Validator Engagement: Engaged with the community and
validator network to gather feedback and align on the protocol enhancement
roadmap.
● Ecosystem Expansion & Token Integrations: Onboarded additional ecosystem
partners and deployed production-ready token integrations.
● Staging Environment for Migration Rehearsal: Established a staging
environment to rehearse migration scenarios and collect performance
benchmarks.
● Network-Wide Migration Readiness: Coordinated closely with validators and
partners to ensure full operational readiness for migration execution.
Stage 9 (Q2, 2025):
● Network Enhancement Execution: Successfully executed the protocol
enhancement, ensuring seamless continuity across the Torus network.
● Post-Migration Stabilisation: Optimised network performance,
synchronisation, and validator efficiency following the upgrade.
● Expanded Monitoring & Validator Analytics: Enhanced monitoring systems to
include real-time performance insights and validator-specific metrics.
● On-Chain Governance Enhancements: Upgraded governance mechanisms to
enable greater participation from the community and validators.
● Cross-Chain Interoperability Expansion: Integrated additional
EVM-compatible networks and liquidity channels to strengthen cross-chain
functionality.
● Comprehensive Security Audits: Conducted full post-migration security audits
to validate protocol integrity and reliability.

Stage 10 (Q3, 2025):
● Exchange & Liquidity Partnerships: Established partnerships with exchanges,
liquidity providers, and market makers to improve trading efficiency
● Updated Developer Tooling & Documentation: Released updated developer
tools, SDKs, and documentation aligned with the enhanced Torus protocol
architecture.
● Ecosystem Growth & Collaboration: Continued ecosystem expansion through
new integrations, community initiatives, and validator collaboration.
● Agent & Loaner Contracts Deployment: Deployed agent and loaner contracts,
enabling automatic token restaking up to predefined limits.
● Price Stability & Slippage Control: Implemented mechanisms to manage
slippage and maintain continuous price stability for buy and sell orders.
Stage 11 (Q4, 2025):
● Liquidity Routing Optimisation: Optimised automated liquidity routing and
market operations to improve depth and user trading experience.
● Cross-Chain Trading Expansion: Expanded cross-chain trading capabilities,
enabling seamless asset swaps between Torus and external networks.
● Trading Performance Monitoring: Continuously monitored and analysed
trading activity to refine liquidity strategies and ensure robust market
operations.
● RWA Compatibility: By supporting Real-World Asset tokenization, Torus
extends blockchain utility beyond digital assets, enabling real-world value to be
issued, exchanged, and settled on-chain.
Future Roadmap
The TORUS Blockchain continues to evolve, constantly innovating and expanding its
capabilities to meet the needs of its community. Our focus remains on enhancing
scalability, security, and usability. Here are the key areas we aim to explore and
develop:
● Dive deep into understanding both zk-Rollups and Optimistic Rollups as
potential Layer 2 solutions to enhance transaction throughput.
● Conduct a detailed analysis comparing the benefits and challenges of zk-
Rollups and Optimistic Rollups.
● Decide on the most suitable Layer 2 solution based on comparative analysis.
● Develop the chosen Layer 2 solution and test it in a controlled environment.
● Post integration, set up systems to continuously monitor performance metrics,
ensuring the solution's effectiveness.

● Engage with the TORUS community to collect feedback and make necessary
refinements.
● Start the development of a permissioned side-chain for specialised services,
collaborating with businesses and developers to identify potential use-cases.
● Design and develop the side-chain, conduct rigorous internal tests, and engage
third-party services for security audits.
● Release a public beta version for user testing and feedback, followed by full
integration into the TORUS ecosystem.
● Develop cross-chain interoperability infrastructure to allow assets native to
Torus to move freely across blockchain ecosystems, fostering broader
adoption, deeper liquidity, and a more connected decentralised economy.
TORUS Token (TQF)
The TQF token, with an initial total supply of 1 billion 54 million, is the foundational
utility token of the TORUS network. It plays multiple vital roles within the ecosystem,
such as paying transaction fees, enabling access to platform features, and
streamlining transaction processes. The TORUS network projects an inflation rate of
5.5%, which is expected to decrease progressively each year.

TORUS (TQF) Token Distribution
This section outlines the allocation strategy for the token's circulating supply,
meticulously designed to promote fairness, stability, and long-term value appreciation.
Release Schedule (Introduction to circulating supply)
Bucket Allocation
(tokens) Vesting & Release Schedule Percentage TGE Purpose of the Bucket
Angels 30.0 M
Tokens are vested over 3 years
with a 4-month cliff from listing and
thereafter a 3.125% monthly linear
vesting schedule for 32 months.
2.846% 0%
Dedicated to angel investors
contributing early funding,
expertise, and network growth.
Backers 35.0 M
Tokens are vested over 6 years,
with a 4-month cliff from listing and
thereafter a 1.47% monthly linear
vesting schedule over the following
68 months.
3.321% 0%
Dedicated to project backers
contributing resources,
connections, and long-term
commitment to the ecosystem.
Liquidity-A
(Listing Pool) 5.0 M
Tokens will be released after the
mainnet launch for liquidity
provision to support exchange
listings. 100% of this allocation will
be released at the time of listing for
liquidity.
0.474% 100%
Dedicated to Liquidity: A Pool for
seeding core trading pairs and
supporting exchange listings.
Liquidity-B
(Deferred
Pool)
5.0 M
Tokens are vested over 2 years,
with a 24-month cliff from listing,
after which 100% of this allocation
is released for liquidity provision to
support exchange listings.
0.474% 0%
Dedicated to a deferred liquidity
pool to back future growth, new
pairs, and ecosystem expansion.
Community
Rewards /
Grants /
Programs
210.0 M
2.5M tokens will be released at the
time of listing. The remaining
allocation will be vested over 6
years, with a 4-month cliff from
listing and a subsequent 1.453%
monthly linear vesting schedule for
the following 68 months.
19.923% 1.19%
Dedicated to community
incentives, grants, and initiatives
that drive adoption, contribution,
and long-term engagement.
Marketing 150.0 M
11.9M tokens will be released at
the time of listing. The remaining
allocation will be vested over 6
years, with a 4-month cliff from
listing and a subsequent 1.35%
monthly linear vesting schedule for
the following 68 months.
14.231% 7.97%
Dedicated to marketing initiatives
that increase visibility, onboarding,
and adoption of the project.
Team
Allocation 150.0 M
Tokens are vested over 7 years,
with a 4-month cliff from listing and
thereafter a 1.25% monthly linear
vesting schedule over the following
80 months.
14.231% 0%
Dedicated to team rewards to
retain talent and ensure sustained
development of the protocol.
Partners &
Advisors 70.0 M
Tokens are vested over 6 years,
with a 4-month cliff from listing and
thereafter a 1.47% monthly linear
vesting schedule over the following
68 months.
6.641% 0%
Dedicated to partners and advisors
who add strategic value through
experience, connections, and
collaboration.

Release Schedule (Introduction to circulating supply)
Validator
Incentive
Program (VIP)
35.0 M
13.7M tokens will be released at
the time of listing. The remaining
allocation will be vested over a
period of 4 years and 6 months
with no cliff from listing, and will be
subject to a 1.127% monthly linear
vesting schedule over the
subsequent 54 months.
3.321% 39.20%
Dedicated to validator incentives
that strengthen network security,
performance, and long-term
stability.
Association
Endowment 155.0 M
Tokens are vested over 6 years,
with a 24-month cliff from listing
and thereafter a 2.083% monthly
linear vesting schedule over the
following 48 months.
14.705% 0%
Dedicated to the association’s
endowment, ensuring long-term
funding for governance, advocacy,
and ecosystem growth.
Core
Development
Master Grant
155.0 M
10M tokens will be released at the
time of listing. The remaining
allocation will be vested over 3
years, with a 4-month cliff from
listing and a subsequent 2.923%
monthly linear vesting schedule
over the following 32 months.
14.705% 6.45%
Dedicated to core development
grants that finance critical features,
improvements, and long-term
technical roadmap delivery.
Protocol
Emissions 54.0 M
17.8M tokens will be released at
the time of listing. The remaining
allocation will be vested over 3
years, with a 4-month cliff from
listing and a subsequent 2.094%
monthly linear vesting schedule
over the following 32 months.
5.127% 32.95%
Allocated to protocol emissions
minted on the existing Torus
network and preserved through the
network enhancement process as
part of the validator and
infrastructure upgrade.
TOTAL 1054.0 M 100.00% 5.78%

Allocation of Total Funds Raised from Investors (Angels + Backers)
● Legal Structure, Board Members & Licenses: 10.08%
● Tech (Audits & 3rd party/services integrations): 20.17%
● CEX Listings Registration: 10.08%
● PR & Marketing Events & Conferences: 20.17%
● HR: 11.76%
● Market Making: 21.85%
● OpEx: 3.03%
● Other costs (Reserve): 2.86%
Primary Partner Companies
Neoma Ventures
Neoma Ventures represents the evolution of blockchain technology across various
industries, applied to unveil a new era of innovation and growth on a global level,
through delivering Web3 solutions on the TORUS network. Neoma is a Dubai-based
company that was founded in December 2022 by two business groups seeking to
combine their assets to develop and establish their global positioning in the Web3
space. Through a series of meetings between the founders of New Media Holding and
TORUS blockchain, both parties recognised the strong synergies between them and
decided to form a partnership.
Neoma is committed to building an innovative platform for the development,
adoption and implementation of Web3 technologies. The platform will facilitate the
development of Web3 projects, and provide secure infrastructure, tools and services
to ensure their success. Additionally, Neoma will provide a marketplace for developers
and businesses to monetise their Web3 projects, as well as a platform for investors to
find the best Web3 projects to invest in. Neoma is dedicated to creating a global Web3
ecosystem that is built with transparency, security, and trust. The company aims to
become a leading Web3 platform that drives the next generation of the internet.
New Media Holding
New Media Holding is a leading global media and technology powerhouse specialising
in influencer marketing, audio development, brand solutions, audio, and video
distribution events, merchandising, creator development, influencer, and artist
management.

Legal Advisors
MME Legal | Tax | Compliance
MME Legal is an innovative consulting firm based in Switzerland that offers
comprehensive and interdisciplinary advice in the areas of legal, tax, and compliance.
They are dedicated to supporting and representing both companies and private
individuals in all economic and future-oriented matters.
MME Legal prides itself on serving its clients personally and advocating for them
straightforwardly and persistently, both within Switzerland and on an international
scale.
Their expertise spans across various key topics, including life & work, technology &
digitalisation, corporates & transactions, and more.
Their commitment to excellence and forward-thinking approach positions them as a
trusted partner for businesses navigating the complexities of the modern economic
landscape.

References
[1] Arnold, R. and Longley, D. (2021). Continuity: A deterministic Byzantine
fault-tolerant asynchronous consensus algorithm. Computer Networks, 199(108431),
p.108431. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2021.108431.
[2] Baird, K., Jeong, S., Kim, Y., Burgstaller, B. and Scholz, B. (23AD). The Economics of
Smart Contracts.
[3] Choi, S.-M., Park, J., Nguyen, Q. and Cronje, A. (2018). FANTOM: A SCALABLE
FRAMEWORK FOR ASYNCHRONOUS DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS A PREPRINT.
[4] Freitas, T., Soares, J., Correia, M.E. e Martins, R. (2023). Deterministic or
probabilistic? - A survey on Byzantine fault-tolerant state machine replication.
Computers & Security, [online] 129(103200), p.103200.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103200.
[5] Liu, C., Duan, S. and Zhang, H. (2020). EPIC: Efficient Asynchronous BFT with
Adaptive Security. [online] IEEE Xplore.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/DSN48063.2020.00058.
[6] Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
[7] Nasreen, M.A., Ganesh, A. and Sunitha, C. (2016). A Study on Byzantine Fault
Tolerance Methods in Distributed Networks. Procedia Computer Science, 87, pp.50–54.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.125.
[8] Nguyen, Q. and Cronje, A. (2020). ON PROBABILISTIC BYZANTINE FAULT TOLERANCE,
A PREPRINT.
[9] Nguyen, Q., Cronje, A. and Kong, M. (2019). FAST STOCHASTIC PEER SELECTION IN
PROOF-OF- STAKE PROTOCOLS A PREPRINT.
[10] Nguyen, Q., Cronje, A., Kong, M., Kampa, A. and Samman, G. (2019a). STAIRDAG:
CROSS-DAG VALIDATION FOR SCALABLE BFT CONSENSUS A PREPRINT.
[11] Nguyen, Q., Cronje, A., Kong, M., Kampa, A. and Samman, G. (2019b). STAKEDAG:
STAKE-BASED CONSENSUS FOR SCALABLE TRUSTLESS SYSTEMS A PREPRINT.
[12] Nguyen, Q., Cronje, A., Kong, M., Lysenko, E. and Guzev, A. (2021). LACHESIS:
SCALABLE ASYNCHRONOUS BFT ON DAG STREAMS A PREPRINT.
[13] Qu, Z., Zhang, Z., Liu, B., Tiwari, P., Ning, X. and Muhammad, K. (2023). Quantum
Detectable Byzantine Agreement for Distributed Data Trust Management in
Blockchain. Information Sciences, [online] 637(118909), p.118909.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2023.03.134.

[14] Wang, L., Zhao, X., Lu, Z., Wang, L. and Zhang, S. (2023). Enhancing Privacy
Preservation and Trustworthiness for Decentralised Federated Learning. Information
Sciences, 628. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2023.01.130.
[15] Zhan, Y., Wang, B., Lu, R. and Yu, Y. (2021). DRBFT: Delegated Randomisation
Byzantine Fault Tolerance Consensus Protocol for Blockchains. Information Sciences,
559. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2020.12.077.